STIGMA AND DISCRIMINATION AMONG INDIVIDUALS WITH MENTAL DISORDERS IN LAGOS, NIGERIA: A QUALITATIVE STUDY

Adewuya, A. O., Owoeye, A. O., Erinfolami, A. O., Ola, B. A. (2011). Correlates of self-stigma among outpatients

with mental illness in Lagos, Nigeria. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 57(4), 418-27. Doi:

1177/0020764010363522.

Alexander, L. A. & Link, B. G. (2001). The impact of contact on stigmatizing attitudes toward people with mental

illness. Journal of Mental Health, 12(3), 271-289.

Al-Naggar, R. A. (2013). Attitudes towards persons with mental illness among university students. ASEAN

Journal of Psychiatry, 14(1), 120-128.

Barke, A., Nyarko, S. & Klecha D. (2011). The stigma of mental illness in Southern Ghana: Attitudes of the urban

population and patients’ views. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 46, 1191–1202.

Brohan, E. & Thornicroft G. (2010). Stigma and discrimination of mental health problems: workplace implications.

Occupational Medicine Journal, 60(6), 414–415.

Coker, A. O., Olugbile, O. B., Eaton, J., Lasebikan, V. O. (2011). Psychiatric psychosocial rehabilitation in

Nigeria; what needs to be done. Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry, 9(3), 2-9.

Dako-Gyeke, M., Asumang, E. S. (2013). Stigmatisation and discrimination experiences of persons with mental

illness: insights from a qualitative study in Ghana. Social Work Society International Online Journal, 11(1),

-8.

Dinos, S., Stevens, S., Serfaty, M., Weich, S., King, M. (2004). Stigma: The feelings and experiences of 46

people with mental illness: Qualitative Study. British Journal of Psychiatry, 184, 176-181.

El-Badri, S. & Mellsop, G. (2007). Stigma and quality of life as experienced by people with mental illness.

Australasian Psychiatry, 15, 195–200.

Faydi, E., Funk, M., Kleintjes, S. (2011). An assessment of mental health policy in Ghana, South Africa, Uganda

and Zambia. Health Research Policy and Systems, 9(17), 2-11.

Fernando, A. M., Godavitharana, A. M. M., Pathirana, S., Tennakoon, S., Ariyasinghe, D., & Rajapakse T. N.

(2017). Stigma experienced by persons diagnosed to have a mental illness – a descriptive study. Sri Lanka

Journal of Psychiatry. 8(2), 24–28. DOI: http://doi.org/10.4038/sljpsyc.v8i2.8157.

Gureje, O., Alem, A. (2000). Mental health policy development in Africa. Bulletin World Health Organization,

(4), 475-480.

Gureje, O., Lasebikan, V. O., Kola, L., Makanjuola, V. (2006). Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of mental

disorders in the Nigerian Survey of Mental Health and Well-Being. British Journal of Psychiatry, 188, 465-

Ddoi:10.1192/bjp.188.5.465.

Gureje, O. & Lasebikan, V. O. (2006). Use of Mental Health Services in a Developing Country, Result from the

Nigerian Survey of Mental Health and Well Being. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 41(1),

-49.

Hamilton, S., Lewis-Holmes, E., Pinfold, V., Henderson, C., Rose, D., & Thornicroft, G. Discrimination against

people with a mental health diagnosis: qualitative analysis of reported experiences. Journal of Mental

Health, 23(2), 88-93. Doi: 10.3109/09638237.2014.880408.

Jacob, S., Munro, I., Taylor, B. J., & Griffiths D. (2017). Mental health recovery: A review of the peer-reviewed

published literature. Collegian Journal, 24(1), 53-61.

Klarić, M. & Lovrić, S. (2017). Methods to fight mental illness stigma Psychiatria Danubina Journal, 29(5), 910-

Lagos State Ministry of Health Primary Health Care Board. Accessed on September 15, 2017 from:

https://health.lagosstate.gov.ng

Lakeman, R., McGowan, P., MacGabhann, L., Parkinson, M., Redmond, M., & Sibitz. (2012). A qualitative study

exploring experiences of discrimination associated with mental-health problems in Ireland. Epidemiology

and Psychiatric Science, 21(3), 271-279. Doi:10.1017/S2045796012000017.

Oshodi, Y. O., Abdulmalik, J., Ola, B. A., Bawo, O. J., Benetto, C., Cristofalo, D, Van Bortel, T., Sartoriuos,

N., Thornicroft, G. (2014). Pattern of experienced and anticipated discrimination among people with

depression in Nigeria: A cross-sectional study. Social Psychiatry Psychiatric Epidemiology, 49(2),

-66. Doi: 10.1007/s00127-013-0737-4.

Rose, D., Willis, R., Brohan, E., Sartorius, N., Villares, C., Wahlbeck, K., & Thornicroft, G. (2011). Reported

stigma and discrimination by people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. Epidemiology and Psychiatric

Science, 20, 193–204.

Stier, A. & Hinshaw, S. P. (2007). Explicit and implicit stigma against individuals with mental illness. Australian

Psychologist, 42(2), 106-117.

Thornicroft, G., Mehta, N. (2016). Clement S. Evidence for effective interventions to reduce mental-health-related

stigma and discrimination. Lancet, 387(10023), 1123-1132.

Thornicroft, G., Brohan, E., Rose, D., Sartorius, N., & Leese M. (2009). Global pattern of experienced and

anticipated discrimination against people with schizophrenia: a cross-sectional survey. Lancet, 373, 408–

Whitley. R, & Campbell R. D. (2014). Stigma, agency and recovery amongst people with severe mental illness.

Social Science and Medicine, 107, 1-8.

Ye, J., Chen, T. F., Paul, D., McCahon, R., Shankar, S., Rosen, A., & Oreilly CL. (2016). Stigma and

discrimination experienced by people living with severe and persistent mental illness in assertive

community treatment settings. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 62(6), 19-25.

World Health Organisation. Mental Health Atlas (2014). Accessed on 25th October 2017 from

http://www.who.int/mental_health/evidence/atlas/mental_health_atlas_2014/en/

World Population Review. (2017). Lagos State Population. Accessed September 13, 2017 from:

http://worldpopulationreview.com/world-cities/lagos-population/